How Does an Electric Motor Work?
📘 Chapter: Effects of Electric Current
An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It works on the principle of the magnetic effect of current. When a current is passed through a coil in a magnetic field, it experiences a force that causes it to rotate.
⚙️ Principle of Electric Motor
A current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a mechanical force. The direction of the force is given by Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule.
🧲 Realistic Animation of Electric Motor
(Diagram: Current flows through coil placed between N and S poles, causing rotation)
🔁 Explanation of Working
- When current flows through the rectangular coil placed in a magnetic field, the arms of the coil experience forces in opposite directions.
- These forces rotate the coil continuously as long as current flows.
- A commutator is used to reverse the direction of current after every half rotation, ensuring continuous rotation in the same direction.
🛠️ Uses of Electric Motor
- Electric fans
- Water pumps
- Washing machines
- Electric cars
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