Gravitation – Class 10 Maharashtra Board (MCQs)
Q1. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
- a) 9.8 m/s²
- b) 10.8 m/s²
- c) 8.9 m/s²
- d) 9.2 m/s²
Answer: a) 9.8 m/s²
Q2. Which force is responsible for the falling of objects to the ground?
- a) Magnetic force
- b) Gravitational force
- c) Frictional force
- d) Electrical force
Answer: b) Gravitational force
Q3. Who discovered the law of universal gravitation?
- a) Albert Einstein
- b) Isaac Newton
- c) Galileo Galilei
- d) Johannes Kepler
Answer: b) Isaac Newton
Q4. The force of gravity between two objects depends on their:
- a) Volumes
- b) Temperatures
- c) Masses
- d) Densities
Answer: c) Masses
Q5. If the distance between two masses is doubled, the gravitational force becomes:
- a) One-half
- b) One-fourth
- c) Double
- d) Four times
Answer: b) One-fourth
Q6. What is the SI unit of gravitational force?
- a) Kilogram
- b) Newton
- c) Joule
- d) Meter
Answer: b) Newton
Q7. Which of the following quantities affects the gravitational force between two bodies?
- a) Mass only
- b) Distance only
- c) Both mass and distance
- d) Volume and shape
Answer: c) Both mass and distance
Q8. What happens to an object’s weight on the Moon compared to Earth?
- a) It becomes zero
- b) It becomes six times more
- c) It becomes one-sixth
- d) It remains the same
Answer: c) It becomes one-sixth
Q9. What is the force that keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
- a) Magnetic force
- b) Electric force
- c) Gravitational force
- d) Nuclear force
Answer: c) Gravitational force
Q10. What is the relation between weight and mass?
- a) Weight = mass × gravity
- b) Weight = mass ÷ gravity
- c) Weight = mass + gravity
- d) Weight = mass - gravity
Answer: a) Weight = mass × gravity
Q11. A body is falling freely under gravity. What will be its velocity after falling through a distance of 80 m?
- a) 20 m/s
- b) 30 m/s
- c) 40 m/s
- d) 80 m/s
Answer: c) 40 m/s
Q12. The weight of an object at the center of the Earth is:
- a) Equal to its weight on surface
- b) Twice its weight on surface
- c) Half of its surface weight
- d) Zero
Answer: d) Zero
Q13. What happens to the gravitational force if the mass of one object is tripled and the other is halved?
- a) Becomes 1.5 times
- b) Becomes 3 times
- c) Remains unchanged
- d) Becomes 0.5 times
Answer: a) Becomes 1.5 times
Q14. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 29.4 m/s. How high will it rise?
- a) 44.1 m
- b) 60 m
- c) 90 m
- d) 29.4 m
Answer: a) 44.1 m
Q15. If the radius of a planet is halved and its mass remains the same, the gravitational force at its surface becomes:
- a) 4 times
- b) Half
- c) One-fourth
- d) Same as before
Answer: a) 4 times
Q16. Gravitational potential energy is always:
- a) Positive
- b) Zero
- c) Negative
- d) Depends on the height
Answer: c) Negative
Q17. If an object is thrown upwards with velocity ‘u’, what is its velocity at maximum height?
- a) u
- b) 2u
- c) 0
- d) Cannot be determined
Answer: c) 0
Q18. Which of the following planets has the highest surface gravity?
- a) Earth
- b) Mars
- c) Jupiter
- d) Venus
Answer: c) Jupiter
Q19. The escape velocity from Earth is approximately:
- a) 9.8 km/s
- b) 7.9 km/s
- c) 11.2 km/s
- d) 5.6 km/s
Answer: c) 11.2 km/s
Q20. Two objects are dropped simultaneously from different heights in vacuum. Which reaches the ground first?
- a) The heavier object
- b) The lighter object
- c) Both together
- d) Depends on shape
Answer: c) Both together
Q21. What is the formula to calculate gravitational force between two masses?
- a) F = m × g
- b) F = G × (m₁ × m₂) / r²
- c) F = m / g
- d) F = g / m
Answer: b) F = G × (m₁ × m₂) / r²
Q22. Which physical quantity remains constant for an object regardless of location?
- a) Weight
- b) Volume
- c) Mass
- d) Density
Answer: c) Mass
Q23. A satellite is orbiting very close to Earth. What can be said about its acceleration?
- a) It is zero
- b) It is less than g
- c) It is equal to g
- d) It is more than g
Answer: c) It is equal to g
Q24. Which of the following conditions is necessary for an object to escape Earth's gravity?
- a) Zero acceleration
- b) Circular velocity
- c) Escape velocity
- d) Terminal velocity
Answer: c) Escape velocity
Q25. Which of the following statements is true about gravitational constant (G)?
- a) It is a vector quantity
- b) It depends on the medium
- c) It changes with location
- d) It is a universal constant
Answer: d) It is a universal constant
Q26. The value of ‘G’ on the Moon compared to Earth is:
- a) Same
- b) One-sixth
- c) One-third
- d) Double
Answer: a) Same
Q27. What happens to the weight of an object when taken to a higher altitude?
- a) Increases
- b) Decreases
- c) Remains constant
- d) Becomes zero
Answer: b) Decreases
Q28. The acceleration due to gravity depends on:
- a) Mass of the falling object
- b) Shape of the object
- c) Mass and radius of the planet
- d) Atmospheric pressure
Answer: c) Mass and radius of the planet
Q29. What is the correct unit of the gravitational constant ‘G’?
- a) N·m²/kg²
- b) N·kg²/m²
- c) kg·m/s²
- d) m²/kg·s²
Answer: a) N·m²/kg²
Q30. An object is thrown upward. What type of motion does it follow?
- a) Uniform motion
- b) Accelerated motion
- c) Retarded motion
- d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
Q31. What force acts between any two objects with mass?
- a) Electromagnetic force
- b) Nuclear force
- c) Gravitational force
- d) Frictional force
Answer: c) Gravitational force
Q32. The force of gravity acts:
- a) Only on Earth
- b) Only in space
- c) Everywhere in the universe
- d) Only on planets
Answer: c) Everywhere in the universe
Q33. The value of acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately:
- a) 9.8 m/s²
- b) 10 m/s²
- c) 9.8 km/s²
- d) Both a and b
Answer: d) Both a and b
Q34. Which of these affects the value of g on Earth?
- a) Altitude
- b) Latitude
- c) Both altitude and latitude
- d) None of these
Answer: c) Both altitude and latitude
Q35. Gravitational potential energy at height h is given by:
- a) mgh
- b) mg/h
- c) m/g × h
- d) gh/m
Answer: a) mgh
Q36. Which of the following is not a characteristic of gravitational force?
- a) It is always attractive
- b) It acts at a distance
- c) It is stronger than electromagnetic force
- d) It depends on mass
Answer: c) It is stronger than electromagnetic force
Q37. Why does the moon not fall on the Earth?
- a) Because Earth’s gravity does not act on it
- b) Because of its high speed moving tangentially
- c) Because the moon’s gravity balances Earth’s
- d) Because it is very light
Answer: b) Because of its high speed moving tangentially
Q38. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is about:
- a) 1.6 m/s²
- b) 9.8 m/s²
- c) 3.2 m/s²
- d) 0 m/s²
Answer: a) 1.6 m/s²
Q39. The orbital velocity of a satellite depends on:
- a) Mass of satellite only
- b) Radius of orbit only
- c) Both mass of Earth and radius of orbit
- d) None of these
Answer: c) Both mass of Earth and radius of orbit
Q40. What will be the acceleration due to gravity at a height equal to the radius of the Earth?
- a) g/4
- b) g/2
- c) g/√2
- d) g
Answer: a) g/4
Q41. The acceleration due to gravity is zero at:
- a) Surface of Earth
- b) Center of Earth
- c) At height equal to Earth's radius
- d) At moon's surface
Answer: b) Center of Earth
Q42. Which factor does not affect the gravitational force between two bodies?
- a) Mass of first body
- b) Distance between bodies
- c) Medium between them
- d) Mass of second body
Answer: c) Medium between them
Q43. The weight of a body on the Moon is:
- a) Same as on Earth
- b) One-sixth of its weight on Earth
- c) Twice its weight on Earth
- d) Zero
Answer: b) One-sixth of its weight on Earth
Q44. The direction of gravitational force on a satellite is:
- a) Away from Earth
- b) Towards Earth
- c) Tangential to orbit
- d) Zero
Answer: b) Towards Earth
Q45. Gravitational force between two objects is 36 N. If the distance between them is tripled, what is the new force?
- a) 12 N
- b) 4 N
- c) 9 N
- d) 36 N
Answer: b) 4 N
Q46. What is escape velocity from the Earth’s surface?
- a) 9.8 km/s
- b) 11.2 km/s
- c) 7.9 km/s
- d) 5.6 km/s
Answer: b) 11.2 km/s
Q47. A planet has twice the radius of Earth and four times the mass. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the planet?
- a) Equal to Earth’s g
- b) Twice Earth’s g
- c) Half Earth’s g
- d) Four times Earth’s g
Answer: a) Equal to Earth’s g
Q48. The gravitational potential energy of an object increases when:
- a) It is moved to a higher altitude
- b) It is moved to a lower altitude
- c) It falls freely
- d) It remains stationary
Answer: a) It is moved to a higher altitude
Q49. Which of the following is true for weightlessness?
- a) Gravitational force is zero
- b) Acceleration is zero
- c) Apparent weight is zero
- d) Mass is zero
Answer: c) Apparent weight is zero
Q50. Which of these quantities decreases as you go deeper inside the Earth?
- a) Mass of Earth
- b) Weight of a body
- c) Acceleration due to gravity
- d) None of the above
Answer: c) Acceleration due to gravity
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