How Does a Solar Cell Work?
📘 Chapter: Sources of Energy
A solar cell is a device that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. It is a clean and renewable source of energy used in calculators, solar lamps, satellites, and more.
⚙️ Principle of Solar Cell
Solar cells work based on the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight falls on a semiconductor material (usually silicon), electrons are excited, creating a flow of electric current.
☀️ Realistic Animation: Solar Cell in Action
(Animation: Sunlight hits the panel, electricity flows through the wire)
🔁 Working Steps:
- Sunlight (photons) falls on the solar cell made of semiconductor (e.g., silicon).
- Photons excite electrons in the semiconductor, generating free electrons.
- The electrons flow through an external circuit, producing electric current.
🔌 Applications of Solar Cells:
- Solar calculators
- Solar street lights
- Satellites
- Solar panels for electricity
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